Extra high superoxide dismutase in host tissue is associated with

Global warming threatens reef-building corals with large-scale bleaching events; therefore, it is important to discover potential adaptive capabilities for increasing their temperature resistance before it is too late. This study presents two coral species (Platygyra verweyi and Isopora palifera) surviving on a reef having regular hot water influxes via a nearby nuclear power plant that exhibited completely different bleaching susceptibilities to thermal stress, even though both species shared several so-called “winner” characteristics (e.g., containing Durusdinium trenchii, thick tissue, etc.). During acute heating treatment, algal density did not decline in P. verweyi corals within three days of being directly transferred from 25 to 31 °C; however, the same treatment caused I. palifera to lose < 70% of its algal symbionts within 24 h. The most distinctive feature between the two coral species was an overwhelmingly higher constitutive superoxide dismutase (ca. 10-fold) and catalase (ca. 3-fold) in P. verweyi over I. palifera. Moreover, P. verweyi also contained significantly higher saturated and lower mono-unsaturated fatty acids, especially a long-chain saturated fatty acid (C22:0), than I. palifera, and was consistently associated with the symbiotic bacteria Endozoicomonas, which was not found in I. palifera. However, antibiotic treatment and inoculation tests did not support Endozoicomonas having a direct contribution to thermal resistance. This study highlights that, besides its association with a thermally tolerable algal symbiont, a high level of constitutive antioxidant enzymes in the coral host is crucial for coral survivorship in the more fluctuating and higher temperature environments.

Design of therapeutic biomaterials to control inflammation

Antioxidants, Free Full-Text

Antioxidants, Free Full-Text

Cells, Free Full-Text

The family of SOD enzymes in microbial pathogens. In a gram-negative

Frontiers Signaling pathways of oxidative stress response: the potential therapeutic targets in gastric cancer

PDF) Measurement of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in cultured cells and tissue

First line defence antioxidants-superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX): Their fundamental role in the entire antioxidant defence grid - ScienceDirect

Cysteine and resistance to oxidative stress: implications for virulence and antibiotic resistance: Trends in Microbiology

Effects of Protein Crowders and Charge on the Folding of Superoxide Dismutase 1 Variants: A Computational Study

MDA, GSH, NO levels and SOD, CAT, and TF activities of lung tissue.